Client Guide to Year End for Your Accountant

The end of the year can be a stressful time for everyone; between the holidays, New Years’, and the dreaded tax season that looms over for April. As an accounting firm, we have our procedures in place for year end, but that could mean more ‘work’ from clients to obtain everything we need. Instead of all the back and forth, here are some ways to ensure your business is all set for your accountant and CPA at year end and why it’s important!

Gathering Documents for Year End

The type of business you own may require more things for year end, but there are many documents required for everyone. For starters, bank (and loan!) statements for the whole year. It seems obvious, but you may have missed one, or maybe you’ve been so busy you have forgotten to send the last few. Whatever the case may be, checking that your accountant/CPA has all your statements can save everyone some time. Furthermore, we require statements for every active business account and for each of those accounts, we need statements for every month. If a statement for December ends any time before the 31st, we will need January’s statement (the following month after December, into the new year) as well. Often, you see this with credit cards. For instance, your CC statement may end on the 9th every month. To accurately reflect the whole year for this account, we would need January 9th’s as it has information for December 10th to the 31st.

Next, if you do any type of contract work, confirm that you have all the needed W9s from each contractor. (Note that there are certain exclusions to this, so be sure to double check with your accountant/CPA if you are unsure or have any questions!) After that, review your transactions with no Vendor name. (In QuickBooks Online, also known as QBO, the Vendor is referred to as the person or business that that transaction went through. So if you bought food at Walmart, for example, the Vendor would be Walmart.) This is not as essential as the other tasks in this blog, but it can be important, as we’ll discover in the following section. Finally, review any other reports that your accountant/CPA may be missing that you want recorded in your books. For example, for many of our clients, we break-apart their sales to accurately reflect all the different types of things they are selling. These break-aparts always come from a report that, more often than not, the client is sending over to us. Now that you have a list of some of the vital documents needed, you may be wondering, “Why?”.

So WHY do we need all these things?

If you are unfamiliar with accounting, you may be questioning why all of these things are so important. You know that you have to hand these things over, but you are unsure what the exact reasoning is. First off, reconciliation is the process of using financial statements to verify, correct, and accurately reflect your current financial situation. In essence this means having bank statements allows us, the accountant/CPA, to make sure that your accounting software, (for us, we primarily deal with QBO), is reflecting what the bank is telling us you have done with your account throughout the year/months. This is why it is SO important to send over statements every month. We must see if the statements align for each individual month, and if we need to correct anything, we have to know all the transactions in said month from the bank statement.

Another thing a good accountant will need is all the W9s from contractors you’ve paid over the year. When you are an employee, you fill out a W2; if you are a contractor you fill out a W9. After a W9 is received, we can file 1099s- which is a tax form that shows different type of income that are not from employees. It is important that your business has all the W9s it needs so you, as the business owner, are not liable for any untaxed income on their part. Without a W9, there is no way to file a 1099, and thus you have no proof as to whether that money they received was ever taxed- which makes you liable for it. Finally, and although it is not a major issue, cleaning up your “Transaction without Payees” tab in QBO can be important. (Adding a Vendor as we talked about earlier.) Let’s say you have a $5.000.00 transaction coded as “Contract labor,” but they have no Vendor, how will we know who’s W9 to give? Additionally, cleaning up the Vendor list can verify that transactions are coded properly, and make your Book Review tab, in QBO, look cleaner!

Wrapping Up the Year End for Everyone!

Keeping these things in mind for year-end is helpful for everyone, but do not be afraid to ask your accountant or CPA any questions you may have! We are here to help your business grow and flourish through good financial planning! As a final parting note, it is a good habit to send all documents needed monthly, as well as checking in and reviewing these items throughout the year, to make year end easier on you as the business owner. This also allows time for a more in depth discussion about your financial reporting and how you can use those numbers to make better financial decisions in your daily operations.

Financial Reports – P/L & Balance Sheet

When it comes to the world of accounting, some of the most common reports include the profit and loss report and the balance sheet. Whether you are working with someone or trying to figure out your finances on your own, knowing all about these reports can be beneficial to improving your finances.

What is a P/L and Balance Sheet Report?

A profit and loss (P/L) report can capture how much money you’re making (or losing) within a certain time period. (A month, quarterly, a year, etc.) A P/L report may also be known as an income statement, statement of earnings, or statement of operations. Some key components of a P/L report are revenue, cost of goods sold (COGS), Gross profit, Expenses, and Net profit(loss). Revenue is how much money you’ve made without including any COGS or expenses. COGS are the costs for your business to deliver goods and services. This includes things like materials, labor, and shipping. Gross profit is the money you’ve made by subtracting COGS from your Revenue. Expenses are split into two categories: Direct & Indirect. Direct expenses are typically COGS as they are the items needed to make/deliver the service. Indirect expenses include things like utilities, rent, and fuel. Indirect expenses will never be counted as COGS. Net profit is the remaining money after you have subtracted COGS & expenses from your revenue. Net profit would be the actual profit (or loss) for your business in said time period. nn The balance sheet is the overall financial position of the business. It shows what you owe as well as what you own. This is determined by assets and liabilities. An asset is something you own. There are two types of assets: Current and noncurrent. Current assets are anything that can be converted into cash within a year whereas noncurrent is anything that takes longer than a year. There are also current and noncurrent liabilities as well. With current liabilities being items due within a year and noncurrent due after a year.

How do these reports help me determine my finances? How do I use them effectively?

The P/L report is a clear way to see whether you have gained or lost money that month. Additionally, the P/L report allows you to see what expenses are costing more and see how often money is coming through. This is beneficial because it can make predicting future revenue trends more accurate, thus allowing you to budget better and stay on track with your goals. nn The balance sheet is helpful for quite a few reasons. For one, it can help you decide if you are able to expand your business by knowing if you can manage the money that floats in and out or if you need to focus on receiving more cash. Another way the balance sheet is useful is by helping the company see if they are prospering or failing. This can give way to a company changing its policies, correcting more mistakes, and refocusing its goals to better align with the state of the business. Additionally, the balance sheet is important to potential investors or those looking to buy your company because it allows them to see whether the business is worth the investment since you can see everything due, paid, and what the business is like without these things.

Financial reports are helpful

Although there are many ways to look at financials in a business, knowing the fundamentals of the P/L report and the balance sheet is a very helpful step in knowing the state of your business

Accountant Lingo & Finding the Right Accountant

In last month’s blog, we covered the benefits of having an accountant and what the difference is between CPAs, accountants, and bookkeepers. Now the question is “Where do I even start when looking for the right accountant?” Everything in the accounting realm can be confusing at first or it may simply take up too much of your time. Gaining an understanding of basic terms in accounting may help you feel more secure in your business and even help you find the right accountant.

Finding the right Accountant

If you’re considering an accountant, you may have no idea where to start. A good place to start is overall communication and guidance. Having an accountant should be a vital part of your team and they should be willing to work with you and help you really understand the money side of your business. This means detailing the explanations for any questions you may have and teaching you aspects of money handling so you are able to do some things on your own later on (if needed/desired.) Having good communication goes in hand with availability. Having someone you can never get ahold of can make it frustrating for you in the long run. Remember that relationships are a two way street and everyone should have a good relationship that works for both parties.

Although there are many questions to consider asking an accountant before you hire them; we are only going to review a few that will aid in finding the right accountant for you. Are they willing to teach you about finances and do they offer additional consulting if needed? Do they offer standard packages or can they customize services based on your needs? Are they able to help with 1099s and any further subcontractor needs? Do they have any specialities? When looking at bigger firms it may also be worthwhile to ask if they outsource any of their work or if they perform it personally and if they don’t perform it personally, will the person you deal with change? Will you get a regular person to discuss your finances with?

After hiring an accountant, you’ll want to really dig deep and work towards the best financial plan you can for your business. Here are some things to think about when deciding what you need. For one, contemplate what taxes you’ll need done and what records you need to keep for filing and in case of audits. Whether you do or don’t know what taxes need to be done for your business, an accountant can help you figure it out or even file for you (in most cases.) Next, you’ll want to work with them to better manage your cash flow and know your breakeven point. A break-even point is when sales and expenses are equal. It’s essential to know your break-even point because it can help you figure out a pricing strategy and make your budget more accurate. Working with an accountant should improve your business by figuring out what changes your business needs.

Understanding common terms in Accounting

When you’re new to the accounting world, there are many terms that you may be lost on. Although your accountant should be willing and able to review any terminology you don’t understand, learning some of the basic accountant lingo for yourself can be beneficial to helping you grasp more of the financials of your business. Let’s begin with assets and liabilities. Assets and liabilities show how much your business is worth. Assets are property (either tangible or intangible) that adds value to your business. Assets could include things like inventory, (paid off) vehicles, and even your brand value. Liabilities are any long-term or short-term monies your business owes. Examples of liabilities include credit card payments, bank fees, and loans. Additionally, accounts receivable is an asset while your accounts payable is a liability. Accounts receivable (AR) is the money you owe to any person/vendor while accounts payable (AP) is the exact opposite (so money owed to you by people/vendors).

Another thing you’re going to see or hear about a lot is P/L reports and the balance sheet. P/L stands for Profit and Loss. A P/L report is a report showing all the expenses and income you had in a certain period of time. The balance sheet shows the business as it currently stands including all assets, liabilities, and equity. Equity is money remaining after all liabilities are gone and all assets sold. It basically shows the owner(s)/investor(s) stake in the company. Just like there are different types of assets and liabilities, there are also different types of equity in a business. You can run both P/L reports and balance sheet reports by month, week, yearly, or any other custom setting to find a time you’re looking for.

Accountants and all their terms

Knowing what you’re looking for in an accountant can elevate your business even higher. Don’t forget to check out last month’s blog for all the reasons why having an accountant is valuable in your business! Additionally, having a basic understanding of frequently used accounting terms helps you better understand the money going through your business and further your involvement in your finances with your accountant.